60 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
60 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
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---
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title: Mean Median Mode and Range
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localeTitle: 平均中位模式和范围
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---
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## 平均值，中位数，模式和范围
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统计学家和数学家使用均值，中位数，模式和范围来学习有关一组数字的信息。
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```
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Example set:
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5, -4, 11, 5, 5, 20, 8.5, 11
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```
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要计算集合的**范围** ，请取最高数字（表示为x）和最低数字（表示为y），然后计算xy。范围将指示数字的分布情况。
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```
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Smallest value: -4
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Largest value: 20
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20 - (-4) = 24
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The range is 24
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```
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要计算**平均值** ，请将所有数字相加并除以组中元素的总数。这是讨论'平均'时通常所说的。
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```
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5 + (-4) + 11 + 5 + 5 + 20 + 8.5 + 11 = 61.5
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Sum: 61.5
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Count: 8
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61.5 / 8 = 7.6875
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The mean is 7.6875
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```
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要计算**模式** ，请查找最常重复的数字。例如，对于数字1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7,7，模式将为7，因为该组中有三个7，这高于任何其他数字的数量。
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```
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Put the set in order so it's easier to see how
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many of each value there are:
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-4, 5, 5, 5, 8.5, 11, 11, 20
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5 appears three times, 11 appears twice and
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everything else appears once.
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The mode is 5
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```
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要计算中**位数** ，请按递增顺序排列所有数字，并将最高和最低数字交叉，直到只剩下一个或两个数字。如果剩下一个数字，则该数字是中位数。如果有两个数字，则添加两个数字并除以2得到中位数。例如，在1,2,3,4,5,6,7,7,7中，中位数为5。
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```
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First, put the set in order:
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-4, 5, 5, 5, 8.5, 11, 11, 20
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The third 5 and 8.5 are the middle values...
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(5 + 8.5) / 2 = 6.75
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The median is 6.75
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```
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