63 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
63 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
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---
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title: Location Object
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localeTitle: 位置对象
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---
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## 位置对象
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“位置”对象提供API(应用程序编程接口),其允许检索URL,设置URL或访问URL的部分。默认情况下,它已在Window和Document对象上实现。 注意:没有适用于location对象的公共标准,但所有主流浏览器都支持它。
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### 位置对象属性
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|财产|说明| | ---------- | -------------------------------------- ------------------- | |哈希|设置或返回URL |的锚点部分(#) |主持人|设置或返回URL的主机名和端口号 |主机名|设置或返回URL的主机名 | href |设置或返回整个URL | |来源|返回URL的协议,主机名和端口号 |路径名|设置或返回URL的路径名 |港口|设置或返回URL的端口号 |协议|设置或返回URL的协议 |搜索|设置或返回URL |的查询字符串部分
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### 位置对象方法
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|方法|说明| | ----------- | ------------------------------------- --------- | | assign()|加载新文档| | reload()|重新加载当前文档| | replace()|用新的文档替换当前文档
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### 例子
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可通过以下方式访问位置对象:
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```javascript
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console.log(window.location);
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// > https://guide.freecodecamp.org/javascript/location-object
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console.log(document.location);
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// > https://guide.freecodecamp.org/javascript/location-object
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```
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您还可以使用JavaScript以编程方式设置HTML `<a>`元素的Location对象或HTML `<area>`元素。
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```javascript
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var anchor = document.createElement('a');
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anchor.url = "https://guide.freecodecamp.org/javascript/location-object";
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```
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一旦你有一个带有URL集的对象(包括窗口),Location API允许你访问URL的部分内容。
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```javascript
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console.log(anchor.protocol);
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// > https:
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console.log(anchor.host);
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// > guide.freecodecamp.org (includes port number if applicable. Example: guide.freecodecamp.org:8080)
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```
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您可以访问的“位置”的其他属性包括:
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* `anchor.hostname` - _guide.freecodecamp.org_
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* `anchor.port` - _8080_
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* `anchor.pathname` - _/ javascript / location-object_
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* `anchor.origin` - _https://developer.mozilla.org_
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如果您的URL包含参数或哈希值,您可以像这样访问它们:
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```javascript
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// If your URL is https://guide.freecodecamp.org/javascript?param=location#other-properties
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console.log(window.location.search);
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// > "?param=location"
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console.log(document.location.hash);
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// > "#other-properties"
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```
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#### 更多信息:
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[W3C - 位置对象](https://www.w3schools.com/jsref/obj_location.asp) [地点](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/API/Location)
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