Let us consider mixtures of three substances: $A$, $B$ and $C$. A mixture can be described by a ratio of the amounts of $A$, $B$, and $C$ in it, i.e., $(a : b : c)$. For example, a mixture described by the ratio (2 : 3 : 5) contains 20% $A$, 30% $B$ and 50% $C$.
For the purposes of this problem, we cannot separate the individual components from a mixture. However, we can combine different amounts of different mixtures to form mixtures with new ratios.
For example, say we have three mixtures with ratios (3 : 0 : 2), (3 : 6 : 11) and (3 : 3 : 4). By mixing 10 units of the first, 20 units of the second and 30 units of the third, we get a new mixture with ratio (6 : 5 : 9), since: ($10 \times \frac{3}{5} + 20 \times \frac{3}{20} + 30 \times \frac{3}{10}$ : $10 \times \frac{0}{5} + 20 \times \frac{6}{20} + 30 \times \frac{3}{10}$ : $10 \times \frac{2}{5} + 20 \times \frac{11}{20} + 30 \times \frac{4}{10}$) = (18 : 15 : 27) = (6 : 5 : 9)
Let $n$ be a positive integer. Suppose that for every triple of integers $(a, b, c)$ with $0 ≤ a, b, c ≤ n$ and $gcd(a, b, c) = 1$, we have a mixture with ratio $(a : b : c)$. Let $M(n)$ be the set of all such mixtures.
Let $E(n)$ be the number of subsets of $M(n)$ which can produce the mixture with ratio (1 : 1 : 1), i.e., the mixture with equal parts $A$, $B$ and $C$.
We can verify that $E(1) = 103$, $E(2) = 520\\,447$, $E(10)\bmod {11}^8 = 82\\,608\\,406$ and $E(500)\bmod {11}^8 = 13\\,801\\,403$.