--- id: 8d5823c8c441eddfaeb5bdef title: Create a Map Data Structure challengeType: 1 videoUrl: '' localeTitle: 创建地图数据结构 --- ## Description
接下来的几个挑战将涵盖地图和哈希表。映射是存储键值对的数据结构。在JavaScript中,我们可以将它们作为对象使用。地图可根据键值快速查找存储的项目,是非常常见且有用的数据结构。说明:让我们开始创建自己的地图。因为JavaScript对象提供了比我们在此处编写的任何内容更有效的地图结构,所以这主要是作为学习练习。但是,JavaScript对象仅向我们提供某些操作。如果我们想定义自定义操作怎么办?使用此处提供的Map对象作为JavaScript object的包装器。在Map对象上创建以下方法和操作:
## Instructions
## Tests
```yml tests: - text: 存在地图数据结构。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; return (typeof test == "object")})(), "The Map data structure exists.");' - text: Map对象具有以下方法:add,remove,get,has,values,clear和size。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; return (typeof test.add == "function" && typeof test.remove == "function" && typeof test.get == "function" && typeof test.has == "function" && typeof test.values == "function" && typeof test.clear == "function" && typeof test.size == "function")})(), "The Map object has the following methods: add, remove, get, has, values, clear, and size.");' - text: add方法将项添加到地图中。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; test.add(5,6); test.add(2,3); test.add(2,5); return (test.size() == 2)})(), "The add method adds items to the map.");' - text: has方法对于添加的项返回true,对于缺少的项返回false。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; test.add("test","value"); return (test.has("test") && !test.has("false"))})(), "The has method returns true for added items and false for absent items.");' - text: get方法接受键作为输入并返回关联的值。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; test.add("abc","def"); return (test.get("abc") == "def")})(), "The get method accepts keys as input and returns the associated values.");' - text: values方法将存储在映射中的所有值作为数组中的字符串返回。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; test.add("a","b"); test.add("c","d"); test.add("e","f"); var vals = test.values(); return (vals.indexOf("b") != -1 && vals.indexOf("d") != -1 && vals.indexOf("f") != -1)})(), "The values method returns all the values stored in the map as strings in an array.");' - text: clear方法清空映射,size方法返回映射中存在的项目数。 testString: 'assert((function() { var test = false; if (typeof Map !== "undefined") { test = new Map() }; test.add("b","b"); test.add("c","d"); test.remove("asdfas"); var init = test.size(); test.clear(); return (init == 2 && test.size() == 0)})(), "The clear method empties the map and the size method returns the number of items present in the map.");' ```
## Challenge Seed
```js var Map = function() { this.collection = {}; // change code below this line // change code above this line }; ```
## Solution
```js // solution required ```