diff --git a/e2e-tests/basic.spec.ts b/e2e-tests/basic.spec.ts
index b123d9822..e95cbd452 100644
--- a/e2e-tests/basic.spec.ts
+++ b/e2e-tests/basic.spec.ts
@@ -149,11 +149,12 @@ test('selection', async ({ page, block }) => {
 })
 
 test('template', async ({ page, block }) => {
-  const randomTemplate = randomString(10)
+  const randomTemplate = randomString(6)
 
   await createRandomPage(page)
 
   await block.mustFill('template test\ntemplate:: ' + randomTemplate)
+  await page.keyboard.press('Enter')
   await block.clickNext()
 
   expect(await block.indent()).toBe(true)
diff --git a/e2e-tests/editor-random.spec.ts b/e2e-tests/editor-random.spec.ts
deleted file mode 100644
index 4d6b61c3d..000000000
--- a/e2e-tests/editor-random.spec.ts
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
-import { test } from './fixtures'
-import { createRandomPage, enterNextBlock, editFirstBlock, randomInt, IsMac,
-         randomInsert, randomEditDelete, randomEditMoveUpDown,
-         editRandomBlock, randomSelectBlocks, randomIndentOutdent} from './utils'
-
-test('Random editor operations', async ({page, block}) => {
-  var ops = [
-    randomInsert,
-    randomEditMoveUpDown,
-    randomEditDelete,
-
-    // Errors:
-    // locator.waitFor: Timeout 1000ms exceeded.
-    //   =========================== logs ===========================
-    //   waiting for selector "textarea >> nth=0" to be visible
-    // selector resolved to hidden <textarea tabindex="-1" aria-hidden="true"></textarea>
-
-    // editRandomBlock,
-
-    // randomSelectBlocks,
-
-    // randomIndentOutdent,
-  ]
-
-  await createRandomPage(page)
-
-  await block.mustType('Random tests start!')
-  await randomInsert(page, block)
-
-    for (let i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
-    let n = randomInt(0, ops.length - 1)
-
-    var f = ops[n]
-    if (f.toString() == randomInsert.toString()) {
-      await f(page, block)
-    } else {
-      await f(page)
-    }
-  }
-})
diff --git a/e2e-tests/editor.spec.ts b/e2e-tests/editor.spec.ts
index dac4be44a..1536ecf7a 100644
--- a/e2e-tests/editor.spec.ts
+++ b/e2e-tests/editor.spec.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
 import { test } from './fixtures'
-import { createRandomPage, enterNextBlock, editFirstBlock, randomInt, IsMac } from './utils'
+import { createRandomPage, enterNextBlock } from './utils'
 import { dispatch_kb_events } from './util/keyboard-events'
 import * as kb_events from './util/keyboard-events'
 
diff --git a/e2e-tests/fixtures.ts b/e2e-tests/fixtures.ts
index f062263a7..0e614eb1d 100644
--- a/e2e-tests/fixtures.ts
+++ b/e2e-tests/fixtures.ts
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import * as path from 'path'
 import { test as base, expect, ConsoleMessage, Locator } from '@playwright/test';
 import { ElectronApplication, Page, BrowserContext, _electron as electron } from 'playwright'
 import { loadLocalGraph, openLeftSidebar, randomString } from './utils';
+import { LogseqFixtures } from './types';
 
 let electronApp: ElectronApplication
 let context: BrowserContext
@@ -114,43 +115,9 @@ base.afterAll(async () => {
   //}
 })
 
-/**
- * Block provides helper functions for Logseq's block testing.
- */
-interface Block {
-  /** Must fill some text into a block, use `textarea >> nth=0` as selector. */
-  mustFill(value: string): Promise<void>;
-  /**
-   * Must type input some text into an **empty** block.
-   * **DO NOT USE** this if there's auto-complete
-   */
-  mustType(value: string, options?: { delay?: number, toBe?: string }): Promise<void>;
-  /**
-   * Press Enter and go to next block, require cursor to be in current block(editing mode).
-   * When cursor is not at the end of block, trailing text will be moved to the next block.
-   */
-  enterNext(): Promise<Locator>;
-  /** Click `.add-button-link-wrap` and create the next block. */
-  clickNext(): Promise<Locator>;
-  /** Indent block, return whether it's success. */
-  indent(): Promise<boolean>;
-  /** Unindent block, return whether it's success. */
-  unindent(): Promise<boolean>;
-  /** Await for a certain number of blocks, with default timeout. */
-  waitForBlocks(total: number): Promise<void>;
-  /** Await for a certain number of selected blocks, with default timeout. */
-  waitForSelectedBlocks(total: number): Promise<void>;
-  /** Escape editing mode, modal popup and selection. */
-  escapeEditing(): Promise<void>;
-  /** Find current selectionStart, i.e. text cursor position. */
-  selectionStart(): Promise<number>;
-  /** Find current selectionEnd. */
-  selectionEnd(): Promise<number>;
-}
-
 // hijack electron app into the test context
 // FIXME: add type to `block`
-export const test = base.extend<{ page: Page, block: Block, context: BrowserContext, app: ElectronApplication, graphDir: string }>({
+export const test = base.extend<LogseqFixtures>({
   page: async ({ }, use) => {
     await use(page);
   },
@@ -215,6 +182,25 @@ export const test = base.extend<{ page: Page, block: Block, context: BrowserCont
         await page.keyboard.press('Escape')
         await page.keyboard.press('Escape')
       },
+      activeEditing: async (nth: number): Promise<void> => {
+        await page.waitForSelector(`.ls-block >> nth=${nth}`, { timeout: 1000 })
+        // scroll, for isVisble test
+        await page.$eval(`.ls-block >> nth=${nth}`, (element) => {
+          element.scrollIntoView();
+        });
+        // when blocks are nested, the first block(the parent) is selected.
+        if (
+          (await page.isVisible(`.ls-block >> nth=${nth} >> .editor-wrapper >> textarea`)) &&
+          !(await page.isVisible(`.ls-block >> nth=${nth} >> .block-children-container >> textarea`))) {
+          return;
+        }
+        await page.click(`.ls-block >> nth=${nth} >> .block-content`, { delay: 10, timeout: 100000 })
+        await page.waitForSelector(`.ls-block >> nth=${nth} >> .editor-wrapper >> textarea`, { timeout: 1000, state: 'visible' })
+      },
+      isEditing: async (): Promise<boolean> => {
+        const locator = page.locator('.ls-block textarea >> nth=0')
+        return await locator.isVisible()
+      },
       selectionStart: async (): Promise<number> => {
         return await page.locator('textarea >> nth=0').evaluate(node => {
           const elem = <HTMLTextAreaElement>node
diff --git a/e2e-tests/random.spec.ts b/e2e-tests/random.spec.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8b782f0cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e-tests/random.spec.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
+import { test } from './fixtures'
+import {
+  createRandomPage, randomInt, randomInsert, randomEditDelete, randomEditMoveUpDown, IsMac, randomString,
+} from './utils'
+
+/**
+ * Randomized test for single page editing. Block-wise.
+ *
+ * For now, only check total number of blocks.
+ */
+
+interface RandomTestStep {
+  /// target block
+  target: number;
+  /// action
+  op: string;
+  text: string;
+  /// expected total block number
+  expectedBlocks: number;
+}
+
+// TODO: add better frequency support
+const availableOps = [
+  "insertByEnter",
+  "insertAtLast",
+  // "backspace", // FIXME: cannot backspace to delete block if has children, and prev is a parent, so skip
+  // "delete", // FIXME: cannot delete to delete block if next is outdented
+  "edit",
+  "moveUp",
+  "moveDown",
+  "indent",
+  "unindent",
+  "indent",
+  "unindent",
+  "indent",
+  "indent",
+  // TODO: selection
+]
+
+
+const generateRandomTest = (size: number): RandomTestStep[] => {
+  let blockCount = 1; // default block
+  let steps: RandomTestStep[] = []
+  for (let i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+    let op = availableOps[Math.floor(Math.random() * availableOps.length)];
+    // freq adjust
+    if (Math.random() > 0.9) {
+      op = "insertByEnter"
+    }
+    let loc = Math.floor(Math.random() * blockCount)
+    let text = randomString(randomInt(2, 3))
+
+    if (op === "insertByEnter" || op === "insertAtLast") {
+      blockCount++
+    } else if (op === "backspace") {
+      if (blockCount == 1) {
+        continue
+      }
+      blockCount--
+      text = null
+    } else if (op === "delete") {
+      if (blockCount == 1) {
+        continue
+      }
+      // cannot delete last block
+      if (loc === blockCount - 1) {
+        continue
+      }
+      blockCount--
+      text = null
+    } else if (op === "moveUp" || op === "moveDown") {
+      // no op
+      text = null
+    } else if (op === "indent" || op === "unindent") {
+      // no op
+      text = null
+    } else if (op === "edit") {
+      // no ap
+    } else {
+      throw new Error("unexpected op");
+    }
+    if (blockCount < 1) {
+      blockCount = 1
+    }
+
+    let step: RandomTestStep = {
+      target: loc,
+      op,
+      text,
+      expectedBlocks: blockCount,
+    }
+    steps.push(step)
+  }
+
+  return steps
+}
+
+test('Random editor operations', async ({ page, block }) => {
+  const steps = generateRandomTest(20)
+
+  await createRandomPage(page)
+  await block.mustType("randomized test!")
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < steps.length; i++) {
+    let step = steps[i]
+    const { target, op, expectedBlocks, text } = step;
+
+    console.log(step)
+
+    if (op === "insertByEnter") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      let charCount = (await page.inputValue('textarea >> nth=0')).length
+      // FIXME: CHECK expect(await block.selectionStart()).toBe(charCount)
+
+      await page.keyboard.press('Enter', { delay: 50 })
+      // FIXME: CHECK await block.waitForBlocks(expectedBlocks)
+      // FIXME: use await block.mustType(text)
+      await block.mustFill(text)
+    } else if (op === "insertAtLast") {
+      await block.clickNext()
+      await block.mustType(text)
+    } else if (op === "backspace") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      const charCount = (await page.inputValue('textarea >> nth=0')).length
+      for (let i = 0; i < charCount + 1; i++) {
+        await page.keyboard.press('Backspace', { delay: 50 })
+      }
+    } else if (op === "delete") {
+      // move text-cursor to begining
+      // then press delete
+      // then move text-cursor to the end
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      let charCount = (await page.inputValue('textarea >> nth=0')).length
+      for (let i = 0; i < charCount; i++) {
+        await page.keyboard.press('ArrowLeft', { delay: 50 })
+      }
+      expect.soft(await block.selectionStart()).toBe(0)
+      for (let i = 0; i < charCount + 1; i++) {
+        await page.keyboard.press('Delete', { delay: 50 })
+      }
+      await block.waitForBlocks(expectedBlocks)
+      charCount = (await page.inputValue('textarea >> nth=0')).length
+      for (let i = 0; i < charCount; i++) {
+        await page.keyboard.press('ArrowRight', { delay: 50 })
+      }
+    } else if (op === "edit") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      await block.mustFill('') // clear old text
+      await block.mustType(text)
+    } else if (op === "moveUp") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      if (IsMac) {
+        await page.keyboard.press('Meta+Shift+ArrowUp')
+      } else {
+        await page.keyboard.press('Alt+Shift+ArrowUp')
+      }
+
+    } else if (op === "moveDown") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      if (IsMac) {
+        await page.keyboard.press('Meta+Shift+ArrowDown')
+      } else {
+        await page.keyboard.press('Alt+Shift+ArrowDown')
+      }
+    } else if (op === "indent") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      await page.keyboard.press('Tab', { delay: 50 })
+    } else if (op === "unindent") {
+      await block.activeEditing(target)
+      await page.keyboard.press('Shift+Tab', { delay: 50 })
+    } else {
+      throw new Error("unexpected op");
+    }
+
+    // FIXME: CHECK await block.waitForBlocks(expectedBlocks)
+    await page.waitForTimeout(50)
+
+  }
+
+})
diff --git a/e2e-tests/types.ts b/e2e-tests/types.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..e801f39b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/e2e-tests/types.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { BrowserContext, ElectronApplication, Locator, Page } from '@playwright/test';
+
+/**
+ * Block provides helper functions for Logseq's block testing.
+ */
+export interface Block {
+  /** Must fill some text into a block, use `textarea >> nth=0` as selector. */
+  mustFill(value: string): Promise<void>;
+  /**
+   * Must type input some text into an **empty** block.
+   * **DO NOT USE** this if there's auto-complete
+   */
+  mustType(value: string, options?: { delay?: number, toBe?: string }): Promise<void>;
+  /**
+   * Press Enter and go to next block, require cursor to be in current block(editing mode).
+   * When cursor is not at the end of block, trailing text will be moved to the next block.
+   */
+  enterNext(): Promise<Locator>;
+  /** Click `.add-button-link-wrap` and create the next block. */
+  clickNext(): Promise<Locator>;
+  /** Indent block, return whether it's success. */
+  indent(): Promise<boolean>;
+  /** Unindent block, return whether it's success. */
+  unindent(): Promise<boolean>;
+  /** Await for a certain number of blocks, with default timeout. */
+  waitForBlocks(total: number): Promise<void>;
+  /** Await for a certain number of selected blocks, with default timeout. */
+  waitForSelectedBlocks(total: number): Promise<void>;
+  /** Escape editing mode, modal popup and selection. */
+  escapeEditing(): Promise<void>;
+  /** Active block editing, by click */
+  activeEditing(nth: number): Promise<void>;
+  /** Is editing block now? */
+  isEditing(): Promise<boolean>;
+  /** Find current selectionStart, i.e. text cursor position. */
+  selectionStart(): Promise<number>;
+  /** Find current selectionEnd. */
+  selectionEnd(): Promise<number>;
+}
+
+export interface LogseqFixtures {
+  page: Page;
+  block: Block;
+  context: BrowserContext;
+  app: ElectronApplication;
+  graphDir: string;
+}
+
diff --git a/e2e-tests/utils.ts b/e2e-tests/utils.ts
index eb753ad20..77daf74e4 100644
--- a/e2e-tests/utils.ts
+++ b/e2e-tests/utils.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Page, Locator } from 'playwright'
 import { expect } from '@playwright/test'
 import * as process from 'process'
+import { Block } from './types'
 
 export const IsMac = process.platform === 'darwin'
 export const IsLinux = process.platform === 'linux'
@@ -210,98 +211,6 @@ export function randomInt(min: number, max: number): number {
   return Math.floor(Math.random() * (max - min + 1) + min)
 }
 
-export function randomBoolean(): bool {
+export function randomBoolean(): boolean {
   return Math.random() < 0.5;
 }
-
-export async function randomInsert( page, block ) {
-  let n = randomInt(0, 100)
-  await block.mustFill(n.toString())
-
-  // random indent
-  if (randomBoolean ()) {
-    await block.indent()
-  } else {
-    await block.unindent()
-  }
-
-  await page.waitForSelector('textarea >> nth=0', { state: 'visible' })
-
-  await page.press('textarea >> nth=0', 'Enter')
-}
-
-export async function randomEditDelete( page: Page ) {
-  let n = randomInt(3)
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    await page.keyboard.press('Backspace')
-  }
-}
-
-export async function randomEditMoveUpDown( page: Page ) {
-  let n = randomInt(3, 10)
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    if (randomBoolean ()) {
-      await page.keyboard.press('Meta+Shift+ArrowUp')
-    } else {
-      await page.keyboard.press('Meta+Shift+ArrowDown')
-    }
-  }
-
-  // Leave some time for UI refresh
-  await page.waitForTimeout(10)
-}
-
-async function scrollOnElement(page, selector) {
-  await page.$eval(selector, (element) => {
-    element.scrollIntoView();
-  });
-}
-
-export async function editRandomBlock( page: Page ) {
-  let blockCount = await page.locator('.page-blocks-inner .ls-block').count()
-  let n = randomInt(0, blockCount - 1)
-
-  // discard any popups
-  await page.keyboard.press('Escape')
-  // click last block
-  if (await page.locator('text="Click here to edit..."').isVisible()) {
-    await page.click('text="Click here to edit..."')
-  } else {
-    await page.click(`.ls-block .block-content >> nth=${n}`)
-  }
-
-  // wait for textarea
-  await page.waitForSelector('textarea >> nth=0', { state: 'visible', timeout: 1000 })
-
-  await scrollOnElement(page, 'textarea >> nth=0');
-
-  const randomContent = randomString(10)
-
-  const locator: Locator = page.locator('textarea >> nth=0')
-
-  await locator.type(randomContent)
-
-  return locator
-}
-
-export async function randomSelectBlocks( page: Page ) {
-  await editRandomBlock(page)
-
-  let n = randomInt(1, 10)
-
-  for (let i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-    await page.keyboard.press('Shift+ArrowUp')
-  }
-}
-
-export async function randomIndentOutdent( page: Page ) {
-  await randomSelectBlocks(page)
-
-  if (randomBoolean ()) {
-    await page.keyboard.press('Tab', { delay: 100 })
-  } else {
-    await page.keyboard.press('Shift+Tab', { delay: 100 })
-  }
-}