freeCodeCamp/curriculum/challenges/spanish/08-coding-interview-prep/rosetta-code/entropy.spanish.md

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2018-10-08 17:34:43 +00:00
---
title: Entropy
id: 599d15309e88c813a40baf58
localeTitle: 599d15309e88c813a40baf58
challengeType: 5
---
## Description
<section id='description'>
Tarea:
<p> Calcule la entropía H de Shannon de una cadena de entrada dada. </p><p> Dada la discreta variable aleatoria $ X $ que es una cadena de $ N $ &quot;símbolos&quot; (caracteres totales) que consta de $ n $ caracteres diferentes (n = 2 para binario), la entropía de X de Shannon en bits / símbolo es: </p>
<p> $ H_2 (X) = - \ sum_ {i = 1} ^ n \ frac {count_i} {N} \ log_2 \ left (\ frac {count_i} {N} \ right) $ </p><p> donde $ count_i $ es el conteo del carácter $ n_i $. </p>
</section>
## Instructions
<section id='instructions'>
</section>
## Tests
<section id='tests'>
```yml
tests:
- text: <code>entropy</code> es una función.
testString: 'assert(typeof entropy === "function", "<code>entropy</code> is a function.");'
- text: <code>entropy(&quot;0&quot;)</code> debe devolver <code>0</code>
testString: 'assert.equal(entropy("0"), 0, "<code>entropy("0")</code> should return <code>0</code>");'
- text: <code>entropy(&quot;01&quot;)</code> debe devolver <code>1</code>
testString: 'assert.equal(entropy("01"), 1, "<code>entropy("01")</code> should return <code>1</code>");'
- text: <code>entropy(&quot;0123&quot;)</code> debe devolver <code>2</code>
testString: 'assert.equal(entropy("0123"), 2, "<code>entropy("0123")</code> should return <code>2</code>");'
- text: <code>entropy(&quot;01234567&quot;)</code> debe devolver <code>3</code>
testString: 'assert.equal(entropy("01234567"), 3, "<code>entropy("01234567")</code> should return <code>3</code>");'
- text: <code>entropy(&quot;0123456789abcdef&quot;)</code> debe devolver <code>4</code>
testString: 'assert.equal(entropy("0123456789abcdef"), 4, "<code>entropy("0123456789abcdef")</code> should return <code>4</code>");'
- text: <code>entropy(&quot;1223334444&quot;)</code> debe devolver <code>1.8464393446710154</code>
testString: 'assert.equal(entropy("1223334444"), 1.8464393446710154, "<code>entropy("1223334444")</code> should return <code>1.8464393446710154</code>");'
```
</section>
## Challenge Seed
<section id='challengeSeed'>
<div id='js-seed'>
```js
function entropy (s) {
// Good luck!
}
```
</div>
</section>
## Solution
<section id='solution'>
```js
function entropy(s) {
// Create a dictionary of character frequencies and iterate over it.
function process(s, evaluator) {
let h = Object.create(null),
k;
s.split('').forEach(c => {
h[c] && h[c]++ || (h[c] = 1); });
if (evaluator) for (k in h) evaluator(k, h[k]);
return h;
}
// Measure the entropy of a string in bits per symbol.
let sum = 0,
len = s.length;
process(s, (k, f) => {
const p = f / len;
sum -= p * Math.log(p) / Math.log(2);
});
return sum;
}
```
</section>