freeCodeCamp/guide/chinese/javascript/arguments/index.md

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---
title: Arguments
localeTitle: 参数
---
arguments对象是一个**类似于数组的对象** _因为_ **对象** _的结构类似于数组的结构但它不应该被认为是一个数组因为它具有对象的所有功能_ 它存储了你的所有参数传递给函数特别是该函数专有。如果要将3个参数传递给函数比如`storeNames()` ,那么这三个参数将存储在一个名为**arguments**的对象中,当我们传递参数`storeNames("Mulder", "Scully", "Alex Krycek")`它将看起来像这样`storeNames("Mulder", "Scully", "Alex Krycek")`我们的功能:
* 首先我们声明一个函数并使其返回arguments对象。
\`\`\`的JavaScript
function storeNames{return arguments; }
```
* Then, when we execute that function with **n arguments**, 3 in this case, it will return the object to us and it will **look like** an array. We can convert it to an array, but more on that later...
```
JavaScript的 //如果我们在控制台中执行以下行: storeNames“Mulder”“Scully”“Alex Kryceck”; //输出为{'0''Mulder''1''Scully''2''Alex Kryceck'}
```
If you want to know more about this, such as converting it to an array or the optimization problem that comes with using the _slice(_) method and how to solve it, click on **read more** (Gitter Chat Only).
## Treat it as an array
You can invoke arguments by using `arguments[n]` (where _n_ is the index of the argument in the array-like object) but if you want to use it as an array for iteration purposes or applying array methods to it, you need to _convert it to an array_ by declaring a variable and using the Array.prototype.slice.call method (because _arguments_ is not an array):
```
JavaScript的 var args = Array.prototype.slice.callarguments;
//或es6方式 var args = Array.fromarguments
```
Since **slice()** has two (the parameter **end** is optional) parameters, you can grab a certain portion of the arguments by specifying (using the _slice.call()_ method renders these two parameters optional, not just _end_) the beginning and the ending of your portion; check out the following code:
```
JavaScript的 function getGrades{ var args = Array.prototype.slice.callarguments1,3; 回归 }
//让我们输出这个! console.loggetGrades90,100,75,40,89,95;
//输出应该是:// // \[100,75\] < - 为什么?因为它从索引1开始并在索引3处停止 //所以,没有考虑索引340)。 // //如果我们删除'3'参数,只留下(参数,1)我们得到 //来自索引1的每个参数:\[100,75,40,89,95\]
```
### Optimization issues with Array.slice()
There is a little problem, it's not recommended to use slice in the arguments object (optimization reasons)...
> **Important**: You should not slice on arguments because it prevents optimizations in JavaScript engines (V8 for example). Instead, try constructing a new array by iterating through the arguments object.
>
> _by_ **_Mozilla Developer Network_** <a href='https://developer.mozilla.org/ca/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/arguments' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>(reference)<a>
So, what other method is available to convert _arguments_ to an array? I recommend the for-loop (not the for-in loop), you can do it like this:
```
JavaScript的 var args = \[\]; //首先是空数组。 forvar i = 0; i <arguments.length; i ++{ args.push(参数\[I\] } //现在'args'是一个包含你的参数的数组。 \`\`\`
有关优化问题的更多信息:
优化杀手: [管理参数](https://github.com/petkaantonov/bluebird/wiki/Optimization-killers#3-managing-arguments)
### ES6 rest参数作为绕过arguments对象的一种方式
在ES2015 / ES6中可以在大多数地方使用rest参数 `...` 而不是arguments对象。假设我们有以下功能非ES6
```
function getIntoAnArgument() {
var args = arguments.slice();
args.forEach(function(arg) {
console.log(arg);
});
}
```
该功能可以在ES6中替换为
```
function getIntoAnArgument(...args) {
args.forEach(arg => console.log(arg));
}
```
请注意我们还使用了箭头函数来缩短forEach回调
参数对象在箭头函数的主体内不可用。
rest参数必须始终作为函数定义中的最后一个参数。
`function getIntoAnArgument(arg1, arg2, arg3, ...restOfArgs /*no more arguments allowed here*/) { //function body }`