3.9 KiB
3.9 KiB
| title | localeTitle |
|---|---|
| Data Structure Arrays | 数据结构数组 |
在内部， array是一种数据结构，可以存储相同类型的固定大小的顺序元素集合。 array用于存储数据集合，但将array视为相同类型的变量集合通常更有用。
array由连续的内存位置组成。最低地址对应于第一个元素，最高地址对应于最后一个元素。
C ++中的数组
C ++提供了一个数据结构array ，它存储了相同数据类型的固定大小的顺序元素集合。 array用于存储数据集合，但最好将array视为相同类型的变量集合。
array声明
int intarray<a href='https://repl.it/CWZE/3' target='_blank' rel='nofollow'>10]; // Declares an array of integer type of size 10 with elements having random values. Index ranges from 0 to 9(ie size-1).
int intarray[10] = { 0 }; // Declares an array of integer of size 10 with all elements having value 0
// Choose one the two declarations and then move ahead.
将元素插入array ：
intarray[0] = 1; // Inserts an integer value of 1 at index 0
intarray[1] = 0; // Inserts an integer value of 0 at index 1
intarray[2] = -1; // Inserts an integer value of -1 at index 2
intarray[3] = 1; // Inserts an integer value of 1 at index 3
打印array ：
std::cout << intarray[0] << std::endl; // Returns 1 which is element at index of the array
std::cout << intarray[11] << std::endl; // Would give aa "Garbage" value as there is no element at index 11 of array.
// That memory location is beyond the range of the array.
// To print all the elements of the array
for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
std::cout << intarray[i] << std::endl;
array基本操作：
std::cout << sizeof(intarray)/sizeof(intarray[0]) << std::endl; // Returns the length of the array ie 10.
std::cout << sizeof(intarray[0]) << std::endl; // Returns length in bytes of one array item ie 4 as it is an integer
：rocket：[在Python中运行代码## Arrays Python没有本机array数据结构。 Python中的array不应与list混淆。 Python中list和array之间的主要区别在于list可以具有不同类型的值，而array应该具有相同类型的所有值。 #### array声明
from array import array
intarray = array('i') # Declares an array of integer type
将元素插入array ：
intarray.append(1) # Inserts an integer value of 1 to the array
intarray.append(0) # Inserts an integer value of 0 to the array
intarray.append(-1) # Inserts an integer value of -1 to the array
intarray.append(1) # Inserts an integer value of 1 to the array
intarray.append('d') # Would give a TypeError as the array is of integer type.
#Resolve the above error and then move ahead.
打印array ：
print(intarray) # Returns array('i', [1, 4, -1])
print(intarray[0]) # Returns 1 which is the element at index 0 of the array
print(intarray[3]) # Would give IndexError as there is no element at index 3 of array.
#Resolve the above error and then move ahead.
# To print all the elements of the array
for i in intarray:
print(i)
array基本操作：
len(intarray) # Returns the length of the array ie 3
intarray.itemsize # Returns length in bytes of one array item ie 4 as it is an integer
intarray.count(1) # Returns the number of occurrences of 1 in the array ie 2
intarray.insert(1, 3) # Insert a new item with value x in the array before position i
intarray.remove(1) # Remove the first occurrence of 1 from the array
intarray.reverse() # Reverse the order of the items in the array
intarray.pop(1) # Removes the item with the index 1 from the array and returns it
