freeCodeCamp/guide/chinese/javascript/if-else-statement/index.md

73 lines
1.6 KiB
Markdown
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters!

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters that may be confused with others in your current locale. If your use case is intentional and legitimate, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to highlight these characters.

---
title: If-Else Statement
localeTitle: If-Else声明
---
## 介绍
`if`指定的条件为`true` `if`语句执行语句。如果条件为`false` ,则可以使用`else`语句执行另一个语句。
**注意:** `else`语句是可选的。
```javascript
if (condition)
/* do something */
else
/* do something else */
```
可以链接多个`if...else`语句来创建`else if`子句。这指定了要测试的新条件,并且可以重复测试多个条件,检查直到执行真实语句。
```javascript
if (condition1)
/* do something */
else if (condition2)
/* do something else */
else if (condition3)
/* do something else */
else
/* final statement */
```
**注意:**如果要在`if` `else`或`else if`部分中执行多个语句, `if`语句周围需要花括号:
```javascript
if (condition) {
/* do */
/* something */
/* with multiple statements */
} else {
/* do something */
/* else */
}
```
[MDN链接](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Statements/if…else) | [MSDN链接](https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/85yyde5c.aspx)
## 例子
**使用** `if...else`
```javascript
// If x=5 z=7 and q=42. If x is not 5 then z=19.
if (x == 5) {
z = 7;
q = 42
else
z = 19;
```
**使用** `else if`
```javascript
if (x < 10)
return "Small number";
else if (x < 50)
return "Medium number";
else if (x < 100)
return "Large number";
else {
flag = 1;
return "Invalid number";
}
```