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Epics
An epic is a large user story that cannot be delivered as defined within a single iteration or is large enough that it can be split into smaller user stories. Epics can help teams break their work down, while continuing to work towards a bigger goal. Epics usually cover a particular persona and give an overall idea of what is important to the user. An epic can be further broken down into various user stories that show individual tasks that a persona/user would like to perform. This can help the team organize their work and to create a hierarchy. This way, large projects can actually get completed and the team can continue to ship value to the customers on a regular basis.
There is no standard form to represent epics. Some teams use the familiar user story formats (As A, I want, So That or In Order To, As A, I want) while other teams represent the epics with a short phrase.
- While the stories that comprise an epic may be completed independently, their business value isn’t realized until the entire epic is complete.
Epic Example
In an application that helps freelance painters track their projects, a possible epic could be:
Paul the Painter, would like an easier way to manage his projects. This includes providing his client with accurate changes and the ability to bill them.