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| Fonts |
Fonts
The CSS font properties define the font family, weight, size, variant, line height and style of a text.
Font family
The font family of a text is set by using the font-family property.
It works with a fallback system, meaning if your browser does not support the first font, it tries with the next one and so on. If the name of the font is more than one word it must be surrounded by quotes. Either single quotes (') or double quotes (") can be used.
p {
font-family: "Times New Roman", Times, serif;
}
In the above example, "Times New Roman" is the of the font, while "serif" is the . Generic names are used as a fallback mechanism for preserving style if the family-name is unavailable. A generic name should always be the last item in the list of font family names. Generic family names are serif, sans-serif, monospace, cursive, fantasy, system-ui. In addition to specifying common fonts that are found on most operating systems, custom web fonts can be used as well. To import such a font, copy the font URL from the library and reference it in the HTML.
Importing a font from Google
If you want to use a font that is not downloaded on your computer, you can import one from fonts.google.com.
<link href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lobster" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">
Then you can use the font that you have imported (in this example, 'Lobster') in your code as normal.
Font style
The font-style property can be used to specify italic text.
This property has 3 values:
- normal - Text shown normally
- italic - Text shown in italic
- oblique - Text shown leaning
.normal {
font-style: normal;
}
.italic {
font-style: italic;
}
.oblique {
font-style: oblique;
}
Font size
The font-size property sets the size of the text.
There are different types of font size values:
px(pixels) - The default size of text being16pxem-1em= the current font size, so1em=16px(recommended by the W3C)rem-1rem= the font size of the HTML element, or the browser's default font sizesmall,medium,large- known as absolute size values%- percentages
.with-pixels {
font-size: 14px;
}
.with-ems {
font-size: 0.875em;
}
.with-absolute {
font-size: large;
}
.with-percentage {
font-size: 80%;
}
Font weight
The font-weightproperty specifies the weight (or boldness) of the font. Accepts keywords (bold, normal, bolder, lighter) or numeric keywords (100, 200, 300, 400 etc.) 400 is the same as normal.
p {
font-weight: bold
}
Font responsiveness
The text size can be set with a vw (viewport width) unit.
This will allow the text to adjust to the size of the browser window.
<h1 style="font-size: 10vw">Hello World</h1>
Viewport is the browser window size. 1vw = 1% of viewport width. If the viewport is 50cm wide, 1vw is 0.5cm.
Font variant
The font-variant property specifies if a text should be displayed in a small-caps font (where all lowercase letters are converted to uppercase letters while appearing in a smaller font-size than the original uppercase letters in the text).
p.small {
font-variant: small-caps;
}
Font shorthand property
Font properties can be specified with the shorthand font. It takes as value (in this order):
- font-style (optional)
- font-variant (optional)
- font-weight (optional)
- font-size (mandatory)
- line-height (optional)
- font-family (mandatory)
p {
font: italic small-caps 800 20px/1.5 Arial;
}