2.9 KiB
title |
---|
Dark Patterns |
Dark Patterns
Dark Patterns are common patterns used to deceive the users of a website or web application.
Examples include:
-
Bait and Switch – A user sets out to do one thing, but a different, undesirable thing happens instead.
-
Disguised Ads – Adverts disguised as other kinds of content or navigation, in order to get users to click on them.
-
Forced Continuity – Silently charging a user's credit card without warning at the end of a free trial.
-
Friend Spam – A website or app asks for a user's email or social media permissions under the pretence it will be used for a desirable outcome (e.g. finding friends), but then spams all the user's contacts in a message that claims to be from that user.
-
Hidden Costs – At the last step of a checkout process, only to discover some unexpected charges appear, e.g. delivery charges, tax, etc. that were not disclosed prior to processing the user's payment.
-
Misdirection – The design purposefully focuses a users' attention on one thing in order to distract their attention from another.
-
Price Comparison Prevention – An online retailer makes it hard for visitor's to compare the price of an item with another item, so they cannot make an informed decision.
-
Privacy Zuckering – Users are tricked into publicly sharing more information about themselves than they really intended to. Named after Facebook CEO Mark Zuckerberg.
-
Roach Motel – The design makes it very easy for users to get into a certain situation, but then makes it hard for them to get out of it (e.g. a subscription).
-
Sneak Into Basket – A user attempts to purchase something, but somewhere in the purchasing journey the site sneaks an additional item into their basket, often through the use of an opt-out radio button or checkbox on a prior page.
-
Trick Questions – Users are made to respond to a question, which, when glanced upon quickly appears to ask one thing, but if read carefully, asks another thing entirely.
A catalog of Dark Patterns along with a continuously updated list of real-world examples is mainatained at [darkpatterns.org] (https://darkpatterns.org).