freeCodeCamp/curriculum/challenges/italian/10-coding-interview-prep/rosetta-code/knapsack-problem-continuous.md

6.5 KiB

id title challengeType forumTopicId dashedName
5a23c84252665b21eecc7ed3 Problema di Knapsack/continuo 1 323654 knapsack-problemcontinuous

--description--

Un ladro deruba il negozio di un macellaio, dove può scegliere tra alcuni prodotti.

Il ladro conosce i pesi e i prezzi di ogni articolo. Dato che ha un zaino con un limite di peso massimo che può trasportare, vuole selezionare gli elementi in modo tale da massimizzare il suo profitto. Può tagliare gli oggetti; l'articolo ha un prezzo ridotto dopo il taglio che è proporzionale al prezzo originale per il rapporto tra le masse. Ciò significa: la metà di un articolo ha metà del prezzo dell'originale.

--instructions--

Scrivi una funzione che accetta una serie di oggetti che rappresentano i prodotti disponibili nel negozio. Ogni oggetto ha 3 attributi: nome, peso e valore. La funzione prende anche il peso massimo come parametro. La funzione dovrebbe restituire il valore massimo possibile e il peso totale degli elementi selezionati non dovrebbe superare il peso massimo.

--hints--

knapContinuous([{ "weight":3.8, "value":36, name:"beef" }, { "weight":5.4, "value":43, name:"pork" }, { "weight":3.6, "value":90, name:"ham" }, { "weight":2.4, "value":45, name:"greaves" }, { "weight":4.0, "value":30, name:"flitch" }, { "weight":2.5, "value":56, name:"brawn" }, { "weight":3.7, "value":67, name:"welt" }, { "weight":3.0, "value":95, name:"salami" }, { "weight":5.9, "value":98, name:"sausage" }], 10) dovrebbe restituire 257.875.

assert.equal(
  knapContinuous(
    [
      { weight: 3.8, value: 36, name: 'beef' },
      { weight: 5.4, value: 43, name: 'pork' },
      { weight: 3.6, value: 90, name: 'ham' },
      { weight: 2.4, value: 45, name: 'greaves' },
      { weight: 4.0, value: 30, name: 'flitch' },
      { weight: 2.5, value: 56, name: 'brawn' },
      { weight: 3.7, value: 67, name: 'welt' },
      { weight: 3.0, value: 95, name: 'salami' },
      { weight: 5.9, value: 98, name: 'sausage' }
    ],
    10
  ),
  257.875
);

knapContinuous([{ "weight":3.8, "value":36, name:"beef" }, { "weight":5.4, "value":43, name:"pork" }, { "weight":3.6, "value":90, name:"ham" }, { "weight":2.4, "value":45, name:"greaves" }, { "weight":4.0, "value":30, name:"flitch" }, { "weight":2.5, "value":56, name:"brawn" }, { "weight":3.7, "value":67, name:"welt" }, { "weight":3.0, "value":95, name:"salami" }, { "weight":5.9, "value":98, name:"sausage" }], 12) dovrebbe restituire 295.05405405405406.

assert.equal(
  knapContinuous(
    [
      { weight: 3.8, value: 36, name: 'beef' },
      { weight: 5.4, value: 43, name: 'pork' },
      { weight: 3.6, value: 90, name: 'ham' },
      { weight: 2.4, value: 45, name: 'greaves' },
      { weight: 4.0, value: 30, name: 'flitch' },
      { weight: 2.5, value: 56, name: 'brawn' },
      { weight: 3.7, value: 67, name: 'welt' },
      { weight: 3.0, value: 95, name: 'salami' },
      { weight: 5.9, value: 98, name: 'sausage' }
    ],
    12
  ),
  295.05405405405406
);

knapContinuous([{ "weight":3.8, "value":36, name:"beef" }, { "weight":5.4, "value":43, name:"pork" }, { "weight":3.6, "value":90, name:"ham" }, { "weight":2.4, "value":45, name:"greaves" }, { "weight":4.0, "value":30, name:"flitch" }, { "weight":2.5, "value":56, name:"brawn" }, { "weight":3.7, "value":67, name:"welt" }, { "weight":3.0, "value":95, name:"salami" }, { "weight":5.9, "value":98, name:"sausage" }], 15) dovrebbe restituire 349.3783783783784.

assert.equal(
  knapContinuous(
    [
      { weight: 3.8, value: 36, name: 'beef' },
      { weight: 5.4, value: 43, name: 'pork' },
      { weight: 3.6, value: 90, name: 'ham' },
      { weight: 2.4, value: 45, name: 'greaves' },
      { weight: 4.0, value: 30, name: 'flitch' },
      { weight: 2.5, value: 56, name: 'brawn' },
      { weight: 3.7, value: 67, name: 'welt' },
      { weight: 3.0, value: 95, name: 'salami' },
      { weight: 5.9, value: 98, name: 'sausage' }
    ],
    15
  ),
  349.3783783783784
);

knapContinuous([{ "weight":3.8, "value":36, name:"beef" }, { "weight":5.4, "value":43, name:"pork" }, { "weight":3.6, "value":90, name:"ham" }, { "weight":2.4, "value":45, name:"greaves" }, { "weight":4.0, "value":30, name:"flitch" }, { "weight":2.5, "value":56, name:"brawn" }, { "weight":3.7, "value":67, name:"welt" }, { "weight":3.0, "value":95, name:"salami" }, { "weight":5.9, "value":98, name:"sausage" }], 22) dovrebbe restituire 459.5263157894737.

assert.equal(
  knapContinuous(
    [
      { weight: 3.8, value: 36, name: 'beef' },
      { weight: 5.4, value: 43, name: 'pork' },
      { weight: 3.6, value: 90, name: 'ham' },
      { weight: 2.4, value: 45, name: 'greaves' },
      { weight: 4.0, value: 30, name: 'flitch' },
      { weight: 2.5, value: 56, name: 'brawn' },
      { weight: 3.7, value: 67, name: 'welt' },
      { weight: 3.0, value: 95, name: 'salami' },
      { weight: 5.9, value: 98, name: 'sausage' }
    ],
    22
  ),
  459.5263157894737
);

knapContinuous([{ "weight":3.8, "value":36, name:"beef" }, { "weight":5.4, "value":43, name:"pork" }, { "weight":3.6, "value":90, name:"ham" }, { "weight":2.4, "value":45, name:"greaves" }, { "weight":4.0, "value":30, name:"flitch" }, { "weight":2.5, "value":56, name:"brawn" }, { "weight":3.7, "value":67, name:"welt" }, { "weight":3.0, "value":95, name:"salami" }, { "weight":5.9, "value":98, name:"sausage" }], 24) dovrebbe restituire 478.4736842105263.

assert.equal(
  knapContinuous(
    [
      { weight: 3.8, value: 36, name: 'beef' },
      { weight: 5.4, value: 43, name: 'pork' },
      { weight: 3.6, value: 90, name: 'ham' },
      { weight: 2.4, value: 45, name: 'greaves' },
      { weight: 4.0, value: 30, name: 'flitch' },
      { weight: 2.5, value: 56, name: 'brawn' },
      { weight: 3.7, value: 67, name: 'welt' },
      { weight: 3.0, value: 95, name: 'salami' },
      { weight: 5.9, value: 98, name: 'sausage' }
    ],
    24
  ),
  478.4736842105263
);

--seed--

--seed-contents--

function knapContinuous(items, maxweight) {

}

--solutions--

function knapContinuous(items, maxweight) {
  function item_cmp(a, b) {
    const ua = a.unitVal,
      ub = b.unitVal;
    return ua < ub ? 1 : ua > ub ? -1 : 0;
  }
  items = items.map(({ value, weight }) => ({
    unitVal: value / weight,
    weight
  }));
  items.sort(item_cmp);

  let val = 0;
  let wt = 0;
  for (let { unitVal, weight } of items) {
    var portion = Math.min(maxweight - wt, weight);
    wt += portion;
    var addVal = portion * unitVal;
    val += addVal;
    if (wt >= maxweight) {
      break;
    }
  }
  return val;
}