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| title |
|---|
| Mac OS Terminal |
Using the Terminal in Mac OS
Most of the time users interact through a Graphical User Interface to interact with the computer. You use the mouse to point and click to open, move, or create new files or open applications. But, you can also use the Terminal Application to interact with your machine through written commands. When you use the terminal, it allows you to dig deeper and customize in a way not possible through the GUI.
Opening the Terminal and Navigating Directories
Your terminal exists in the Applications directory. Open your Terminal app. You should see a prompt in the terminal window. it shoudl have the computer's name (ABC's Macbook), followed by the User name (ABC), and then a '$.' If you are in the root directory, the last character will be a '#.'
To see what directory you are working in, just type the command
pwd
pwd stands for "Print Working Directory." Directory is another word for folder.
If you want to list the contents of your directory use the command:
ls
To switch to a new directory you use the command:
cd
which stands for change directory.
Here is a list of common commands:
| Command | Usage |
|---|---|
| pwd | Print Working Directory (Where Am I? ) |
| ls | List contents of current directory |
| mkdir | Create a new directory |
| touch | Create a new file |
| cp | Copy a file |
| rm | Remove a file |
| rm -rf | Remove a directory |
Usage Examples
Some of the aforementioned commands aren't clear without examples. Below are a few usage examples to help provide you with some context.
Making a Directory
mkdir #YOUR-NEW-FOLDER-NAME-HERE
Making a File
touch YOUR-FILE-NAME.JS
You can make a file with any extension you choose. As long as it is in an a format accepted by the folder or machine.
Copying a File
Use the following syntax to copy a file from the terminal:
cp source destination
For example, if we have a file, 'test.txt' that is stored in our /Desktop directory and we want to copy it to the /Documents folder, our command would look like this:
cp ~/Desktop/test.txt ~/Documents
Deleting a File
Use the following syntax to delete a file
rm #PATH_TO_FILE
Detect which process is using the port you want to use
lsof -i :<PORT>
Terminate the process which uses the port you want to use
kill <PID>
iTerm2
iTerm2 is an alternative to the legacy terminal in Mac OS. iTerm2 brings some new features such as:
- Split Panes
- Hotkey Window
- Search
- Autocomplete
- Paste history
- Configurability
- and many more
Just download iTerm2 from the official website. Additional documentation can be found here.