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Modals
Modals are popups for providing important information before continuing further.
To create such dialogs/pop-ups on the top of current page Bootstrap provides Modal plugin.
Code Example (Bootstrap v4.1) :
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/css/bootstrap.min.css" integrity="sha384-MCw98/SFnGE8fJT3GXwEOngsV7Zt27NXFoaoApmYm81iuXoPkFOJwJ8ERdknLPMO" crossorigin="anonymous">
<!-- jQuery library -->
<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.3.1.slim.min.js" integrity="sha384-q8i/X+965DzO0rT7abK41JStQIAqVgRVzpbzo5smXKp4YfRvH+8abtTE1Pi6jizo" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<!-- Latest compiled JavaScript -->
<script src="https://stackpath.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/4.1.3/js/bootstrap.min.js" integrity="sha384-ChfqqxuZUCnJSK3+MXmPNIyE6ZbWh2IMqE241rYiqJxyMiZ6OW/JmZQ5stwEULTy" crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal">
Launch demo modal
</button>
<!-- Modal popup-->
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
<div class="modal-dialog" role="document">
<!-- Modal content-->
<div class="modal-content">
<div class="modal-header">
<h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h5>
<button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
<span aria-hidden="true">×</span>
</button>
</div>
<div class="modal-body">
...
</div>
<div class="modal-footer">
<button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
Understanding the Attributes and classes used :
a) data-toggle = "modal" : It opens up the modal.
b) data-target : It points to the Id of the modal to open up.
c) data-dismiss="modal" : This causes the popup to close when clicked on close button.
d) .modal class identifies the contents of <div> as a modal.
e) .modal-dialog class sets the proper height and width of the dialog.
f) .modal-content class styles the modal.It contains header,body and footer sections.
g) .modal-header class denotes the header section of the modal (title and (×) button).
h) .modal-title class styles the header of the modal with a proper height.
i) .modal-body class styles the body of the modal(dialog/popup).It can have other markups like <p>,<img>,<video> etc.
j) .modal-footer class styles the footer of the modal.